Metal Tooling Using Visual Texture

Metal tooling, also called “repousse,” is a type of low-relief sculpture in which tools are used to create a design on metal. This centuries old practice can be found in artworks including armor plates from ancient Greece, King Tut’s mask, and Mexican tin art designs. Gold and silver were used for more detailed works while copper and bronze were more suited to large sculptures and armor. 

Ancient civilizations created these metalworks for functional purposes like protection and utilitarian uses. More advanced cultures relied on the decorative nature of metal embossing for religious purposes. 

In both instances, metal tooling art lends itself to creating visual textures and repetitive patterns on the surface of the metal.

Visual textures are implied textures you can see like cloudy, shiny, and windy and can be drawn as such. However, tactile texture can be touched to understand how they feel like bumpy, fuzzy, and smooth.

In this lesson, 4th grade students create a metal tooling design using five unique visual textures. And they arrange their elements in either a static or dynamic composition. As a result, their design has movement or not.

Metal Tooling Materials

• 36 gauge aluminum tooling foil
• Embossing stylus tool, wooden sticks, or clay tools
• Masking tape
• 6″ square paper
• Pencils
• Colored permanent markers

Texture and Composition

First, we brainstorm various textures in our sketchbooks. We look for examples in the classroom and draw them. I project pictures from everyday life on my smartboard for ideas, too. Then we quickly classify them as either tactile or visual.

Next, I give a brief lesson about dynamic versus static composition.

I show them examples of each in works of art. I like to say that a static composition reminds me of stamps in a stamp book. They’re all sitting next to one another in an orderly fashion; my eyes have to hop from one to the next.

In contrast, a dynamic composition would be if I threw all those stamps up in the air and snapped a picture of them simultaneously; my eye continually moves from one element to the next without repetitive shapes blocking the flow.

Neither compositional style is better than the other, just different. I want them to reflect on what they’re trying to communicate, then pick a style that best matches the selection of textures they’ve chosen. 

Windy, wavy, jagged, swirly, scalloped. These all feel quite active (dynamic). However, sandy, bumpy, and scaly feel passive (static).

Metal Tooling Art Lesson

Once they understand the two styles, I have them select five textures for their metal tooling project.

First they begin laying out their idea on a 6″ square sheet of copy paper. After the design is approved, they tape it to a sheet of 6″ square metal and trace over their lines with a wooden stylus or a thick pencil. While some metal tooling requires a slightly softened but sturdy surface underneath, this project does not. Students use a padded surface underneath so their marks are softened and thick. A short stack of paper or a piece of foam works fine.

After the first pass is completed, they pull the paper and tape off and go over their lines a second time pushing harder. This will deepen the lines, making them easier to color.

By and large, most students have no problem with the second pass. They make their marks deep enough. For those who don’t, I let them test out it out on a scrap piece of metal. This reduces their fear of pushing too hard. 

I also have some that push too hard. When this happens, I show them they can flip it to the back and close the gap with their embossing tool.

In some instances, students will create visual textures that are made with shapes. If this is the case, I show them how they can “pop up” the shapes by pressing harder and “coloring in” the shapes from the backside.

To complete the design, they use permanent marker to color beginning with any lines that are pushed in. Lastly, students color the background a different color for emphasis. 

Student Examples

This is one of those projects that my students love. It’s their first time creating with metal. And they get so enamored with the idea that they can make marks in metal. Most of all, using permanent marker on top is icing on the cake. 

This more static design reminds me of water flowing down a pyramid during a rainstorm.

This student did a great job balancing out the colors in the design.

Doesn’t this metal tooling project remind you of a stream with rocks on either side amongst a field of grass and red-violet flowers?

This metal embossing is reminiscent of a quilted design without the apparent perfect repetition of motifs.

This student’s artwork looks like a road in the desert amongst the tumbleweeds, dirt, and sand.

If you squint your eyes, you’re staring at a crude sketch of a farm field by Vincent Van Gogh.

Blog Hop

Some of my other art teacher friends have joined me in a blog hop. Click on over to see some great ideas to inspire your next art lesson. Each teacher has written about a topic that in some way connects to the next one.

• Bird Sculptures Using Tactile Texture, by Art is Basic
• Dyed and Stamped Pillows, by Masterpiece Momma
• Relief Printmaking and Colored Pencil, by Look Between the Lines
• Mixed Media Hometown Scenes, by Expressive Monkey
• Zen Doodle Pinch Pots, by Ms Artastic
• Henna Hands Art Lesson, by Picassa’s Palette
• Past and Future Hands, by A Space to Create Art

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